can be inserted and retrieved from a pipeline under normal operation. The ball travels with the water flow for up to 15 hours, collecting information about leaks over many miles of pipeline with a single deployment.

New developments in acoustic monitoring have yielded a fibre optic sensor that is more cost-effective for long reaches of pipe.  Typically deployed in pipelines while shutdown and dewatered, the Acoustic Fibre Optic (AFO) system can be deployed in some scenarios while the pipeline is in operation